Slavery Essay Introduction Example For Students

Subjugation Essay Introduction Getting away from subjugation in 1838 must be a deceptive encounter; getting away from servitude whenever would be! Most slaves couldnt peruse or compose, yet one slave, Fredrick Douglass, broke that hindrance and some more. In this specific composing he utilizes an all the way open perspective to obviously get his contemplations over. He does this by utilizing a wide assortment of lingual authority alongside sentence familiarity. A model can be found in each sentence of each passage. I found in each white man a foe, and in pretty much every shaded man cause for doubt. It was a most agonizing circumstance; and, to get it, one should needs encounter it, or envision himself in comparative conditions. His account perspective about subjection, or rather first individual experience on subjugation, is communicated all through as he clarifies servitude as being both life and demise. How somebody can compose with such compelling feeling, is past me, yet Douglass accomplishes more than that. He catches and charms the peruser into contemplating and envisioning his encounters. Using solid language, Fredrick Douglass, relates his perusers to the life of a slave while simultaneously clarifying how one would never comprehend except if he encounters the difficulties of subjugation all alone. Fredrick Douglass has such an ability at maneuvering his perusers into the composition and making them imagine what's going on, that anybody could begin to look all starry eyed at his composition. A model can be found in, There I was amidst thousands, but an ideal outsider Another normal interesting expression discovered commonly inside the section is the utilization of allegories. Some are seen in,I felt like one who had gotten away from a nook of hungry lions, being taken advantage of by his individual man, as the terrible crocodile takes advantage of his prey!, and among individual men, yet feeling as though amidst wild brutes. By utilizing such analogies, Douglass is helping his perus ers better envision his feelings. Each sentence streams smoothly and without blemish. There are no punctuations or unforgiving sounding words that don't have a place or fit among the others. The words fit together consummately, as do the thoughts so as to make an amazing article loaded up with feeling. With these metaphors and a few employments of sentence structure, a remarkable paper came; without these, it wouldnt fit together like the bits of a riddle. Fredrick Douglass is either a virtuoso or feels unequivocally on the subject of bondage. I dont know which one or if both were available however by one way or another he had the option to make such a paper so as to make individuals increasingly mindful of the life of a slave Words/Pages : 448/24

Han Chinese and Starbucks Essay

Han Chinese and Starbucks Essay Han Chinese and Starbucks Essay Contextual investigation Chapter 4 Starbucks 1) In my conclusion, the key components Starbucks needed to consider before opening shop in China were completely founded on a certain something; Starbucks needed to decide why the Chinese would go to a cafã ©. Since most of China’s populace is tea consumers, they needed to make sense of what they could do to bring tea consumers into a coffeehouse. One of these elements is the way that Starbucks has decided its objective market to be the youngsters in china authored â€Å"little emperors†. They bid to these youngsters and their longing for change and refinement. Another factor Starbucks uses to further its potential benefit is the way that the Chinese need an agreeable spot outside of their little residences where they can meet with loved ones. Starbucks exploited this by making bigger gathering regions than their North American stores. They made these zones agreeable and cool spots for the individuals to get together and have a latte. Another significant factor is tha t Starbucks has more food things on their menu, for example, duck sandwiches, and green tea cheesecake. Starbucks isn't only a beverage in china it is a spot to meet and look present day. 2) China is a fascism so change to how a business works can occur without any forethought. One of the key things Starbucks needed to do to carry their image to China was they needed to locate a Chinese accomplice that would comprehend the political and business showcases in China. They did this by approving nearby organizations to utilize their image and the joining forces with them. Starbucks began little in China purchase just accepting sovereignties on the licenses, however in 2006 they fired purchasing up shares so they could have more command over their organization. China entering the World Trade Agreement in 2001 made purchasing out their accomplices and going at the business on their own significantly simpler. 3) The Demographic Factor that was

Up

Up On June 1 (where my last post left off) I hopped on a plane and left Boston for the summer. One fistfight later*, I landed in DC, fully resolved to pack every minute of the weekend with something awesome. No summer seconds to waste. *Not my own. While I waited for my connecting flight in New York, some guys decided to beat each other up in the main concourse, right in front of the departure gate boards. Maybe they were upset that their gate got moved? It was pretty dramatic; employees and passengers alike ran over to watch. Really, though? Fighting in an airport terminal? These people couldnt pick a better place for that? My friend Spencer picked me up from the airport. Our first stop: Walmart. Not exactly the best start for a pack every minute of the weekend with something awesome, but preparation was required for our various adventures. We bought (in order of decreasing importance) marshmallows, hot dogs, hot dog buns, a lighter + lighter fluid, and a sleeping bag. This is where we spent the night: This picture is misleading, because it makes it look like it was sunny, warm, and dry, all of which are absolutely false descriptions of the tent setup experience. It was pouring when we arrived. With a tarp, extra shirts, loud voices, and a robust sense of humor, we propped the car door open and used the tarp to ferry materials back and forth. When we finally got inside the tent, it was perfectly dry: success! And theres nothing quite like being inside a tent and listening to the rain try in vain to gain access to yourterrain. The next morning, Spencer dropped me off with my best friend from Middle School, Monica. She left London after 8th grade, and since then Ive only seen her twice, but both times it was like no time had passed at all; despite not keeping in touch that regularly, and despite growing up in entirely different countries and attending entirely different high schools and universities, with entirely different groups of friends, it seems that weve grown up in parallel. That afternoon was her older sisters graduation-from-the-Naval-Academy party. This made me feel unspeakably old, since I have a very strong memory of that same sisters graduation-from-eighth-grade party. Monica spent most of the party running around the room playing hostess, and I tagged along because I knew approximately six out of the hundred people present. Just as Monica and I started to reminisce about Middle School, when EVERYONE asked whether we were twins or sisters or cousins: Random family friend: Monica! How youve grown! Monica: Hello! Random family friend (to me): And you must bea first cousin? Me: Nope. Random family friend: Wait, really? Me: Yes. Random family friend: You and Monica look like TWINS! If I had four hands, I could show you the number of times this happened. The last instance: Random family friend: Monica! How youve grown! Monica: Hello! Random family friend (laughing): Oh, you two look like TWINS! Me: Haha, yeah, we get that a lot. Random family friend: I can imagine. Youre what, first cousins? Me (assuming that she was joking): HAHAHAHAHA! hah! haha! yeah! first cousins! Random family friend: Me: At this point, I realized she was serious. Me: NO! WHAT? NO! WERE NOT EVEN THE SAME ETHNICITY! For your reference: Thoughts? I think its the glasses/hair combination. Anyway, after lots of hugging, Monica and I parted ways and Spencer picked me up. Pictures describe what we did at 4am the next day better than I ever could. In case you havent figured out what this all means yet: a sunrise hot air balloon ride. 150,000 cubic feet of gas suspending five people above the ground for an hour and a half. In the afternoon, my post-finals pre-internship adventure was over Spencer drove me to Charlottesville, VA, where I am right now and where I will be until the middle of August. Ive been here for three and a half weeks. I spend my time with new friends instead of old friends, in an unfamiliar city instead of Boston or DC, but still with that resolve to treasure every summer second. That mindset makes the summer pass way  more slowly. My theory is that, this way, my brain has more to remember if I did the exact same thing every day for a week, seven days would blur together into one. Doing something new or different every day, whether that means adventuring around Charlottesville or riding a tube down a river or going out to eat or watching a new movie or reading a new book or just being goofy with friends, gifts me 7 full days of memories per week. Goal for each day: exercise your medial temporal lobe. Give it something to remember.

Internet Innovation Essay

Internet Innovation Essay Introduction. Use of internet has become a normal day to day activity in the world. So much information is derived from the internet since it seems to have almost all the news and information. This has made internet innovation a very important and recognized procedure globally since it has provided the world with so much information and entertainment thus making it easier and cheap for individuals to attain information. The Internet is not only used to search information and ideas, it has also been proved as a faster and efficient means of communication worldwide. People from one country to another are able to share information fast and clear thus bonding freely and this has enhanced the social and cultural interaction among different communities (Berkun, 2010). Internet innovation is one of the most unique and recognized inventions globally. This is because it has eased the work of man both physically and psychologically. Organizations and Institutions have welcomed the innovation with open arms since it has enabled the enhancement of business and easier means of research and development (M. AMIGOT, 2009). Use of internet has been highly recommended in schools and other learning institutions since it has highly improved the spread of skills and knowledge among the students. Internet use has made the students carry out their home work in a more improvised and easier way, compared to the earlier days when they had to use only the text books which lacked some of the important information. Students have become brighter, interactive and willing to carry out their studies since to them, use of internet also gives them a moment of enjoyment (Schewick, 2010). Literature Review. Sometime back, the internet was a vague network of bulky computers used only by a diminutive community of researchers. Earlier, most computer devices were found in information technology centers or laboratories used for research with no one ever thinking that the internet innovation will provide such significant position in our society as it does today. Earlier, a personal computer connected by one global network seemed absurd and not so real to so many of us (Gates, 2000). In the earlier days, activities such as transactions, message delivery and so many operations were slow to carry out and one used a lot of time and energy. Currently, the world just went to a turn of events since people no longer function in a brick-and-mortar economy. Nowadays, jobs can be performed anytime, anywhere as long as one can go online, thanks to internet innovation. In this research, we will get to learn how internet innovation has led to creation of new job opportunities worldwide. Through this innovation, the world has realized how essential it is to continue developing an environment that is conducive in terms of creating and saving jobs through use of technology (Gates, 2000). So many organizations have been created and formed, in order to invest in internet technology which is currently benefitting businesses at a very high rate. According to an article written by the broad band investors, internet innovation has had a serious impact on the consumer welfare, economic output and job creation. Innovation of internet has become such a powerful and compelling technology due to its wide spread in academics as a result of government sponsorship in so many countries around the world (Bui, 2005). The innovation has also become an effective factor to the private sector due to advancement and commercialization not forgetting its unique contribution in exchange of information. With internet, there is reliable operation of events with centralized management (Gates, 2000). History of Internet Innovation The History of internet innovation starts from nineteen fifty’s with the invention of computers. This began with communication between main frame computers and terminals which later led to introduction of point- to- point links between computers then innovation of packet switching. Examples of packet switchers included: Mark 1 Merit Network Tymnet Apranet These were discovered in late nineteen sixty’s and early seventy’s using a number of protocols. For example, the APRANET led to growth of protocols for internet working where different networks were joined to form one networks (People History, 2004). The concept of a global network of fully joined TCP/IP networks known as the internet emerged in nineteen eighty two when there was standardization of Internet Protocol Suite. The computer science net work was introduced in 1981 by the National Science foundation which led to expansion of APRANET (VERDICK.ORG, 2011). It was again expanded in nineteen eighty six when the U.S got access to the Super Computer sites provided by the Research and Education Organizations. Internet started to be provided commercially in nineteen eighty’s and ninety’s. After decommission of NSFNET, internet was fully commercialized, doing away with all the restrictions on internet use to carry public service. Since 1990s the internet has created a radical effect on the commerce, culture and rise of immediate communication through instant messaging, phone calls, two way interactive video calls and electronic mail (Gates, 2000). Process of Internet Popularity The web transformed the internet into a worldwide trend since its introduction in nineteen eighty at European centre for Nuclear Research. According to Tim Berners Lee, internet was originally formed to share statistics on nuclear physics (Plunkett, 2006). Luckily, the webs popularity spread among the researchers, learners and other internet enthusiasts thus creating a new industry to generate software and materials for the web. This emerging and growing creativity made the web more convincing for the users which encouraged more organizations to use internet access, and encouraged more individuals and business sectors to get linked to the internet. Recently in nineteen ninety four, only about five hundred websites were found worldwide, currently, the internet has close to three billion websites thus showing how popular use of internet has spread. The growth is continuing, thanks to introduction of cheaper computers, higher internet speed and superior software (French, 1999). The Governments in so many countries have created good environment to its citizens thus encouraging the easier spread in internet services, and also enabling companies to bring their products to consumers at a high speed. Over the past few years, governments have found it rewarding to pass policies that give rapid growth in infrastructure thus making it possible to expose internet benefit to so many other people. These include creating ways of using broadband technologies and resisting the urge to ratify new regulations (Cortese, 2007). Impact/Effect of Internet Innovation. New technology has led to amplification of human potential. Today; technology innovation has transformed the world society and economy through invention of telephone, electricity, airplane and automobile thus making the world easily accessible to everyone (Taumi, 2002). Internet innovation has brought the same revolution effect thus enabling businesses and individuals to conquer cultural, geographical, economical and logistical barriers. Below, we discuss some of the impacts brought about by internet innovation: Social Impact Through the internet innovation, the world appears so small. Innovation of internet has proved to be a widely used means of communication among people. Individuals can communicate and exchange information immediately and across very long distances thus enabling people to participate in the economy despite where they are located. Different social sites such as face book and twitter have been introduced and largely welcomed globally and all these are due to some of the advantages of internet innovation. People from miles away are able to share ideas, pictures and opinions, thus making the world as one. Relations among countries and cultures have been highly improved due to use of internet (Morrison, 2011). Before the internet, it was a bit difficult and expensive for individuals to get into contact and keep in touch with the relatives and friends globally. Today, communicating with a friend in china has become as easy and cheaper as communicating with a friend in a neighboring town since individuals nowadays use internet as a quicker and easier means of communication. Thousands of people have shared interests and therefore exchange information through email, websites and instant messages. Also, people with disabilities are encouraged to use internet to communicate with each other in order to overcome fears that prevent them from leading normal productive lives. Impact on the Business sector Today, the internet has become the centre of attraction to businesses. Since its innovation, new industries have emerged, existing ones have been totally transformed and the internet has therefore become a worldwide cultural trend. Through internet innovation, amazing things have been seen and yet there is more to come. According to Bill Gates, the world is only at the first light of internet age. The internet has had an insightful impact on the way we live, learn and work. The internet has made the world look so simple since it has broken down the logistical barriers, thus presenting superior flexibility and influence in ways of carrying out business. Innovation of internet has shrunk down the distance and time, cut down complex business activities, and has enabled more effective partnership and contact, for example, a firm which is located in isolated rural place has the world in its market position. In connection with advanced productivity software, through the internet, workers use their knowledge and time more efficiently and focus on more productive errands. This has enhanced greater competition in the market industry, since through internet innovation; customers have also acquired the ability to become smarter in their day to day shopping in order to find the best products and services and at right prices (Attala, 1996). This has empowered them, since before, the larger companies were monopolies, but lately, smaller companies have adapted technology like their leaders, thus providing the customer with quality products at competitive prices round the world. In the 21st century, internet technology has become an economic force enabling instant commerce around the globe. Large companies currently, maintain easier connection with their employees, partners and suppliers whereas smaller companies can find and maintain customers globally. Lately, internet innovation has encouraged companies in hiring knowledge workers from any part of the world, thus expanding the employment opportunities mostly for the people in America. This has given the developing countries an opportunity to become powerful by providing information technology to so many countries in the world. The internet innovation has thus enabled some budding nations to skip the industrial revolution and head straight to internet age. Common standards such as use of a common language has enabled internet innovation become a success. Since internet language is universal and easily understood, businesses can therefore create services and products that make use of the internet. This has led to technological competition since to thrive in the internet, every business has to make its products and services look more attractive than those of the competitor and it’s only a few mouse clicks away (SB-IRC, 2007). Effects on Security and Privacy. Currently, well improved police department in the world welcomed use of technology since it has encouraged easier means to track down criminals. This is a process widely used by the FBI and the private detectives not forgetting government departments. Use of internet has greatly improved security though somehow tampering with privacy. Lately, people are relying on the internet in sharing confidential and receptive information with necessary parties in regards to their medical basis, financial status, buying behaviors and preferences and also personal habits though in some cases there is leakage of this personal information. In most cases, many use the internet in secret in order to safeguard such important information. Internet innovation has led to regular use of credit cards thus making it an easier way of payment though it is not as safe as before the introduction of internet. Due to internet, private industries and many government institutions currently use private attractive technologies since it has proved to be the best way protects privacy. Though according to Alderman and Caroline Kennedy, it is not yet proved that this method is fully efficient. However, shielding personal privacy has become a major hindrance which must be taken care of with immediate effect so as to keep the internet striving forward. Impact on Education. Internet innovation has rendered a great and important effect in the education sector. Since its innovation, education has become easier and more enjoyable thus giving students morale in doing their assignments and breaking the monotony of books. Since innovation of internet, research and development projects have become easier to carry out with more reliable references and legal sources (OPPAPERS.COM, 2008). Students have earned advanced skills and knowledge since they go ahead to research on given topics by the teacher, to an extent of giving their trainer added information on topics. This has also enhanced educational group work among students of different schools in projects such as science congress, group discussions on specific subjects and environmental clubs. These are some of the activities that have been encouraged among students, and since each want to outdo the other, they end up carrying thorough research from various books and most of all research from the internet. In the world of today, better employment and business projects are believed to be achieved by people with high quality education and knowledge, therefore, colleges and universities have put the innovation of technology especially use of internet in research as a number one priority so as to give their students quality and competitive education results. Education online is growing widely and fast to keep pace with the internet innovations. Currently, a prevalent shortage of highly competent online teachers has been predicted. However, students can take an advantage of the retired teachers who have had the talent on the technology sector. Recognized and focused universities of every kind have introduced essential courses in the web by use of pedestrian sometimes. Colleges and universities that have slowly and technically adapted to the internet way of doing their old job in a new technique have well made it where gaudy business types and large private schools have not (Education Week, 2011). Negative Impact of Internet Innovation Innovation of internet as discussed earlier contains so many positive effects. But also, these are some of the negative effects that came with internet. There is great concern from teachers and psychologist in regards to internet impact on the cognitive physical and social growth of children. These effects are discussed below: Impact on Cognitive Effect Internet provides information with no rules and regulations. Since the information found in the internet is uncontrolled and has no means of checking dependability and referring, children face the results of searching information from the internet since they do not differentiate between what is real and what is not real and are not able to test truth in practical world. So many educational problems have erupted among kids in school as a result of exposure to the internet. According to Professor James Collins, students who are getting a hard time in writing classes are directly plagiarizing their study projects. In addition, the informality known as proper in email communication is being spread and used in formal writings especially in high school student’s essays. These threats are considered negative to both younger children and college students. Lately, in a recognized university in New York, a large number of students dropped out of school most of whom were freshmen newcome rs and this was due to increased access of computers and internet. It was learned that forty three percent of those who drop out stay up in the internet the whole night (VERDICK.ORG, 2011). Impact on Physical Development. Coordination with observation and social relations on impacts of manipulation is one of the traits that are highly emphasized on little children during growth stages. Growth experiences are essential to the budding concepts such as the way of communication and cause and effect affairs. No evidence has been stated that fundamental treatment generates the similar personal action and rational skills that appear from physical exploitation (Afuah, 2007) Internet innovation brought about easier and quicker means of acquiring a large amount of information. Earlier, most cultures prevented the early child to acquire too much information by simplifying communication and sequencing data. Due to the fact that some adults give too much negative information, it is likely to confuse the children with undeveloped physical and cognitive configuration. Impact on Social Development Internet can enrich small generation and their learning institutions thus acting as a source of innovative and intellectual effort with others. However, it has shown that if abused, internet can prevent children from carrying out the required social activities including chores, homework and sharing useful time with friends and family. Michael A. Weinstein of Purdue University stated that those people who spend so much time in the internet will lose the ability, patience and skills to practice social relations in the corporal world and that the internet will increase the negative impact that television has already introduced in the society. Through all these negative impacts claimed to be introduced by the use of internet services, the community is in fear of in appropriate behaviors such as bias, hate, violence, profanity and pornography. The internet provides children with an easy target to access information and it allows unwanted messages to finding their way to under aged kids. Parents feel that more words should be spoken due to the extent at which the effect of pornography has evaded the child development. Pornographic can be described as a generally erotic depictions projected to aggravate a sexual urge. Pornography does exist in different forms such as pictures, films, comics and videos and all these are found freely in the internet (VERDICK.ORG, 2011). It is easy to understand how child pornography troubles the child and destroys the inspiration of his/her childhood. It is impossible to establish the number of children implicated in pornography since it is an illegal hidden industry. Another negative impact is congestion. Since there are so many people using the network, there is occurrence of clogging especially when network competence reduces and this normally reduces the rate of individuals who are using it. Internet innovation also brought about increased piracy in the society. Currently; original stars for movies and music are complaining and filing suites of not selling their videos since the internet has provided them prior the original launches. This has encouraged people to copy them direct from the net, thus creating loss of interest after the original launch. Opportunities and Challenges of Internet Innovation. Due to introduction of new technology, changes in the way we live and work have been widely experienced. Then emerged the innovation of the internet which has greatly and widely raised a debate in regards to the effect in our society and has also raised great worry on how far it should be adopted. Different views have been directed towards the internet innovation whereby some view it with great optimism while others view it as a threat that is disrupting our daily normal lives. Let’s compare with the introduction of telephone’s; many people thought it will interfere with our society, break up communities, encourage selfishness and interfere with people’s privacy but others looked at it as a business opportunity that will bring people closer together (Park, 2004). Innovation of internet has brought these same points of view back with us. Some of us view the internet as the mankind great invention that is worth being accessed by every printing press. We believe that the internet will do the following: Improve our political and economic power Bring improved communication among our people Enhance cultural and social interaction Encourage world peace. At the other end, some believe that innovation of internet will result to cultural and economic abuse, lead to lack of privacy and lead to misuse of values and social standards especially by the young generation. Some of these arguments may be proved right or not, but just as the innovation of electricity, telephone and airplane fashioned our world in the twentieth century, so has the innovation of internet shaped our early years in the twenty first century thus enhancing a positive effect in the way we work and live. But this has not changed the primary aspects of organizations and the environment since persons are still requiring their social trends, businesses still need to make profits and learners still need good teachers. However, today’s arguments on how much the world should adopt use of internet have raised serious matters that require addressing to make the use of the internet enormous potential. Qualities of a good Internet Connection. According to internet innovators, there are some qualities that one should carefully consider before purchasing the internet from the dealers. Some of the internet dealers give poor quality internet which is not reliable especially to big organizations and institutions (VERDICK.ORG, 2011). Below are five qualities to consider first before choosing the internet connection of your choice: Speed. An internet connection is referred to as broadband connection because of its speed. Many internet providers advertise on providing the best internet only to disappoint client’s later. Therefore, if the broadband provider you are using is not giving enough speed then there is no need in using it. It is advisable to an organization, institution or individual as well to know what speed you need in order to make sure that the broadband you are using can provide it (Jude 2010). Reliable. When comparing broadband service, reliability should be a quality that you need to compare with other service providers. A good and solid internet should always be available despite the weather or climate changes. Consistence. When internet became popular among students and researchers, they started looking for organizations that could provide consistent internet services due to their day to day research. Always consider a service that will be their especially when you need it the most and that is worth your money. Speed and consistence should always go along. Abundance. Always ensure that your ISP does not limit your internet access since the broadband internet is characterized by speed, thus making you regret why you chose that internet connection. Most broadband providers give unlimited access to the users (Jude, 2010). Cost. An organization, institution or individual should go for a broadband service that is affordable to them. The price charged for internet services is also a major factor when choosing a good and reliable broadband internet connection. If it is too expensive, then it should justify with its services (SB-IRC, 2007). Changes to be made in Internet Innovation Though the internet is termed as one of the best and important human development worldwide, there are other things that should be looked at or changed (Gates, 2000). Some of these include: Restrictions on the age for those using internet. It is not considered healthy for children. Improvement and enhancement on privacy. Conclusion. Through this study, we realize that internet innovation has completely changed the way we live, work and learn. The importance of the internet has largely grown and will continue growing in years to come. Currently; most of the global communities are carrying out their businesses, receiving their means of entertainment and keeping in touch with each other through the internet. People nowadays work at home through the internet, people are using email instead of letters to stay in touch, businesses have invested millions in the internet, unlimited business opportunities have emerged and people’s way of communication has changed greatly. And despite all this, the internet seems to be still very young. In simple words, internet innovation has made life feel and look good despite the few shortcomings which still came with its innovations. As the saying goes, everything has its bad side so what matters most are if positive effects over rank the negative ones (Goldberg, 2006 ). Internet innovation has made the world activities seem so easy; people have found it a business opportunity while others have found employment in it. Companies which had not adopted the service are now at it, not forgetting the number of employed old people who are going back to colleges in order to catch up with the new technology and avoid being put aside to welcome the younger tech-skilled individuals who are highly in demand in the business world. It is all so clear that internet innovation is a light to the world. It has made the world grow in an extravagant way thus helping also in the economic, cultural, social and political factors. References Gates, B. (2000, December). Shaping the Internet Age. Retrieved October 15, 2011, from Microsoft News Centre: http://www.microsoft.com/presspass/exec/billg/writing/shapingtheinternet.mspx Jude, M. (2010). NET NEUTRALITY. London: Stratecast. SB-IRC. (2007). Qualities of a Good Internet Connection. Retrieved October 16, 2011, from SB-Innovation: http://www.sb-innovation.de/f209/5-qualities-good-broadband-connection-23826/ VERDICK.ORG. (2011). Negative Effects of Internet Usage on Child Development. Retrieved October 15, 2011, from Offering Solitude for the Psyche and Soul: http://www.verdick.org/child-development-and-the-internet/child-dev-neg Afuah, A. (2007, June 12). TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGE AND THE NEGATIVE EFFECTS OF EMBEDDEDNESS. Retrieved October 16, 2011, from DRUID: 2007 Attala, J. (1996, March). The Impact of the Internet on Business. Retrieved october 16, 2011, from Stanford: http://www-cs-students.stanford.edu/~dwhitney/lisa/IS_Final_Proj.html Berkun, S. (2010). The Myths of Innovation. Sebastopol: OReily Media Inc. Bui, A. (2005). Innovative Internet community systems:5th International workshop. New York: Springer Berlin Heidelberg. Cortese, J. (2007). Internet learning and the building of knowledge. New York: Cambria Press. Education Week. (2011, September 1). Technology in Education. Retrieved October 15, 2011, from Education Week: http://www.edweek.org/ew/issues/technology-in-education/ French, D. (1999). Internet based learning:an introduction and framework for higher education. Virginia: Stylus Publishing,LLC. Gates, B. (2000, December). Shaping the Internet Age. Retrieved October 15, 2011, from Microsoft News Centre: http://www.microsoft.com/presspass/exec/billg/writing/shapingtheinternet.mspx Goldberg, E. (2006 , June 5). The Internet Changes Everything. Retrieved October 16, 2011, from FAST COMPANY: http://www.fastcompany.com/resources/technology/articles/200507/goldberg.html M. AMIGOT, I. (2009, November 23). The Most Influential Internet Innovations of the Decade. Retrieved October 16, 2011, from iblnews: http://iblnews.com/story/51947 Morrison, S. (2011, August 17). Internet Innovations. Retrieved October 16, 2011, from Ezine Article: http://ezinearticles.com/?Internet-Innovationsid=6502041 OPPAPERS.COM. (2008, August 04). Impact of Internet Technology on Education. Retrieved October 15, 2011, from OPPAPERS.COM: http://www.oppapers.com/essays/Impact-Internet-Technology-Education/140272 Park, S. Y. (2004, November). The Impact of Internet-Based Communication Systems on Supply. Retrieved october 16, 2011, from JCMC: http://jcmc.indiana.edu/vol10/issue1/park_yun.html People History. (2004). The Changes to the Internet and its History. Retrieved October 15, 2011, from People History: http://www.thepeoplehistory.com/internet.html Plunkett, J. W. (2006). Plunketts E-Commerce and internet Business Almanac. Houston: Plunkett Research Ltd. Schewick, B. V. (2010). Internet Architecture and innovation. New York: Library of Congress Press. Taumi, I. (2002). Networks of innovation: change and meaning in the age of the internet. New York: Oxford University Press.

The Abuse Of Drugs And Alcohol - 1365 Words

The abuse of drugs and alcohol has been a known issue over past decades. The media paints the picture that alcohol and drug use is fun and the only way to have a good time. While alcohol in moderation is fine, many people find themselves going over board and abusing it. Elicit drugs like cocaine and heroin are highly addictive and have several adverse effects. People find themselves depressed and anxious so they ultimately try to use these drugs to mask the pain instead of getting help for their problems. This reoccurring cycle affects the family system as a whole unit not just the individual. It is our jobs as educators to help educate parents in order to help children who are suffering from these alcohol or drug use effects. Children are the innocent victims in this sequence because they have no way of putting a stop to this vicious cycle. Substance abuse affects many families from all social economic statuses around the United States. Taylor of the Office of Applied Studies (2011) suggests that about six million children have a parent who abuses substances. That number is shocking and tragic, but is the reality for most children. An abundance of research has been done about the immediate repercussions of substance abuse as well as future implications of continued substance abuse. However, it is important to understand how parental substance abuse negatively affects children. It is integral to be educated as to why a parent’s substance abuse can negatively affect theirShow MoreRelatedDrug Alcohol And Alcohol Abuse Essay980 Words   |  4 PagesDrug and Alcohol Abuse Drug and alcohol abuse is something that is happening more and more often it seems. There are many reason for this happening. First of all, people experiment with drugs and alcohol mainly out of curiosity. Maybe their friends are doing it, they just want to have a good time, or they could be hoping to improve athletic performance. 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Impact Of Climate Change And Greenhouse Gases Environmental Sciences Essay Free Essays

Our clime is quickly altering all around us. Ice is runing, workss are deceasing, animate beings are in danger, and home grounds are being destroyed. The Arctic is greatly affected. We will write a custom essay sample on Impact Of Climate Change And Greenhouse Gases Environmental Sciences Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now The ice is runing and doing H2O degrees to lift, and animate beings are deceasing because of loss of home ground. Over the past one hundred old ages, the mean surface temperature has risen a little over 1 degree Fahrenheit. ( Baker, 4 ) Climate alteration happens because of worlds and natural grounds. Worlds are non being careful and are non utilizing their resources sagely. Worlds are non looking at other options to assist salvage the environment, and are merely utilizing what is easiest and what we are used to. Climate alteration is a serious job that affects worlds, and animate beings, and if non stopped will do important desolation. Climate alteration is the addition of the temperature of our planet. ( Morris, 4 ) Climate alteration is more than merely a alteration in the conditions ; it is a alteration over a long period of clip. ( â€Å" What is Climate Change? † ) . Climate alteration happens of course but besides because of worlds. During the summer our planet is closer to the Sun and becomes heater. In the winter things get cooler because we are turned off from the Sun. But the ice that we have lost or has melted rebuilds in the winter. This is because of freeze and snowfall ( â€Å" Causes of Climate Change † ) Natural temperatures have risen 1.08 grades Fahrenheit over the past 100 old ages. ( Baker, 4 ) Our environment is besides altering because of human activity and the nursery consequence. The nursery consequence is when nursery gases are trapped in our ambiance. ( Henson, 20 ) Greenhouse gases trap the heat from the Sun in the Earth ‘s ambiance. This heat leads to an addition in the Earth ‘s surface temperature. ( Henson, 21 ) There is this bed in the ambiance that traps heat to maintain our planet warm. When worlds release nursery gases, they get trapped by this bed and the surface temperature rises. There are three chief gases that are considered nursery gases. These gases are C dioxide, methane, and azotic oxide ( Baker, 6 ) . Carbon dioxide is produced when fossil fuels such as coal and oil are burned. Animals such as cattles and sheep release gas as portion of their digestive system and through manure. This produces methane. Then there is azotic oxide. Azotic oxide is produced when fertilisers are used for paces and harvests. ( Walker, David, 112 ) Every clip you drive to the shop, watch Television, travel on the computing machine, drive a auto, and turn on the visible radiations fossil fuels are burned. They are burned to bring forth the energy to power things. When fossil fuels are burned, C dioxide is released into the air. Because there are so many people and so many people actively let go ofing C dioxide, it finally adds up and the temperature rises. ( Henson, 24 ) These gas sums are increasing because the human population is increasing. Climate alteration affects the environment and worlds. The clime alterations with a little temperature alteration. Over the past 25 old ages, the Arctic sea ice country has decreased by about five per centum and summer sea ice country has decreased by 15 per centum. ( â€Å" Melting Ice Caps † ) The thaw of ice greatly affects the nutrient concatenation. The nutrient concatenation is an agreement of the being of an ecological community harmonizing to the order of predation in which each uses the following normally lower member as a nutrient beginning. ( Webster Dictionary ) In the north-polar the animate beings and workss greatly depend on each other. The nutrient concatenation starts with the ice. Ice has algae on it which the krill eat. If the ice thaws, the krill will decease out. ( Baker, 11 ) Fish eat krill, and if the krill sum decreases so will the fish sum. Whales, walruses, seals, and polar bears, will besides be affected. These animate beings will hold less nutrient available because they eat the fish. Even the smallest alteration in temperature can run the ice and do the whole nutrient concatenation to be thrown off. ( Baker, 11 ) The heating of our planet can besides impact the animate being ‘s version. The animate beings in the north-polar have adapted to cold temperatures, few hours of sunshine, short turning seasons, flora and growing periods, and have grown thick coats. Animals in the Arctic have adapted to the conditions so the temperature changes greatly affect them. ( Baker, 11 ) There are three ecosystems in the Arctic. These three ecosystems are the Arctic Ocean, Ice Sheets, and the Tundra. The Arctic Ocean supports fish life. The Ice Sheets provide shelter and land to run for seals, seahorses, polar bears and many more. The Tundra supports life for mosses, lichen, and provides nutrient for musk Oklahoma, hares, and many reindeer. And in the summer birds migrate here. ( Baker, 10 ) The Arctic Ocean is greatly affected by clime alteration. Temperatures are lifting the fastest here. The Arctic Ocean is the smallest ocean and parts are for good frozen. It includes the sea and set down North of the Arctic Circle, the North Pole, and some parts of other states. ( â€Å" Arctic Ocean † ) The rise in temperature is doing the ice to run. Ice and snow reflect the Sun beam and heat, and H2O and land do non. Because of the ice thaw, there is non every bit much snow and ice. The H2O and land are absorbing the heat and Sun beams doing temperatures to lift even more. ( Baker, 8 ) The lifting temperatures are impacting animate beings excessively. Animals are greatly affected by the clime alteration. Their place is here in the Arctic and they depend on the ice for shelter and runing infinite. The Arctic has many polar bears. Polar bears are endangered because of the thaw ice. In the summer the Arctic Ice sheet thaws. But because of clime alteration, the ice sheet is runing three hebdomads earlier so it did in the 1970 ‘s. ( Baker, 13 ) When the ice sheet moves north the home ground of the polar bear psychiatrists. This forces the bears to swim long distances to happen nutrient for their households. Most bears are good swimmers but some become tired, doing them to decease. ( Olson, 11 ) Another ground polar bears are endangered is because they are non happening the nutrient they need in the H2O, so they wonder towards towns for nutrient. Polar bears ca n’t happen the nutrient with the sum of fat they need to last the winter. The bears become slender and ca n’t last doing decease. ( Olson, 20 ) Another animate being that is in danger is the Caribou. In 1989 there were 187,000 Caribous and in 2007 there were 120,000. ( Baker, 14 ) Caribou Numberss are diminishing for many grounds. Caribou eat lichen and moss found in the Tundra. Snow sums are increasing which makes it difficult for the Caribou to happen the nutrient with the right sum of fat it needs. If the Caribou does non hold plenty fat to do it through the winter, it will decease. In the summer the moss and lichen become green earlier so normal. This helps the Caribou but so these workss will decease out before. If they do non acquire plenty of the moss and lichen and do non hold adequate fat stored, they will finally decease. ( Baker, 15 ) Climate alteration besides affects people. There are 28 communities in the north-polar mainland and islands. ( â€Å" Canada ‘s Northern Communities † ) This is their place and clime alteration has made it difficult for them to run and angle. There cultural behaviours are forced to alter. Because of the thaw ice sea degrees are raising doing houses to be damaged. Climate alteration could hold a immense impact on our planet in the hereafter. With the ice runing the manner it is, sea degrees could lift doing implosion therapy, and land could be destroyed. Animals are threatened because their nutrient and shelter beginnings are shriveling. Some of these animate beings are endangered now and could go nonextant. Climate alteration could besides be good. The ice that is in the manner could run opening ways for boats to acquire through. ( Baker, 25 ) This could assist concerns take shorter paths to acquire where they need to travel. One chief thing that climate alteration will impact is touristry. Tonss of people would love to see these animate beings and topographic points. More people will come to these topographic points because they may be warmer, or easier to acquire to. Each twelvemonth the mean American adds more than 40,000 lbs of C dioxide to the air. ( Earth In The Hot Seat, 53 ) Go play football or association football. Go take a walk outside, or wing a kite alternatively of sitting inside on the computing machine. When you spend the bulk of your clip outside you do non let go of C dioxide. Reducing the sum of energy you use is the easiest manner to cut down your C dioxide sum right off. ( Earth In The Hot Seat, 54 ) If everyone is cautious to what they do, how much electricity they use, or how long the stay indoors, our C dioxide sum will shrivel. In the terminal this will all add up and the temperature alterations will be smaller. Climate alteration is a job that affects worlds, and animate beings, and is doing alterations to our environment. Over the past one hundred old ages, the mean surface temperature has risen a little over 1 degree Fahrenheit. ( Baker, 4 ) There are many organisations assisting with clime alteration. The Sierra Club is assisting to do clean energy solutions, green transit, bound nursery gases, and utilize resources beyond coal. They are besides informing people about clime alteration so they will make their portion. Climate Change is â€Å" Care for God ‘s Creations. † ( Seven Key Themes of Catholic Social Teachings ) We need to demo attention for the Earth because it is portion of our religion. â€Å" We are called to protect people and the planet, populating our religion in relationship with all of God ‘s creative activities. † ( Seven Key Themes of Catholic Social Teachings ) Finding alternate beginnings of energy is a great manner to assist protect, and sal vage what we have of our planet. How to cite Impact Of Climate Change And Greenhouse Gases Environmental Sciences Essay, Essay examples

Australia Expansion Project Feasibility †Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Australia Expansion Project Feasibility Study Report? Answer: Introducation Starbuck is one of the largest international companies in the world that has always thrived year after year. It has outlets in almost all parts of the world. It specializes in the preparation of both drinks (coffee, refreshing beverages, tea, bottled drinks) and food (especially those enriched in protein) (Gopalakrishna et al, 2016). The company coffee brand is one of the best in the world. However, it faces high competition from other coffee selling businesses in the world (Glowik, 2017). Almost a decade ago, the company had decided to open outlets in Australia. The project was to open up new shops in the major cities of the country which became a successful project at that time. However, the shops did not last long because after a short while a large number of them closed (Gopalakrishna et al, 2016). This was as a result of the increased competition from other coffee making businesses. For instance, Gloria Jean's coffee house which still maintained its 450 branches in Australia and Coffee Club maintained its 350 outlets while Starbucks only 22 outlets only. This shows that Starbucks was almost outdone by the competitors. Research has shown that there are at least 6500 independent cafes in Australia which generate a total of $4 billion annually from the sale of their coffee. In addition to that, there is a good number of citizens that strongly depend on coffee before the start of their daily routine apparently, on average, most Australians take around 3-4 cups of coffee daily. In that case, Starbucks also has to find a way to share that profits made annually. Basically, this is one of the reasons why the company wanted to open more outlets in Australia (Santamara et al, 2008). The company wanted to accumulate is shops in Australia just like any other coffee making companies and as much as it has done in many other countries (Glowik, 2017). However, the project was f aced with many challenges which were closed after a few years. Starbucks Mission Statement To inspire and nature the human spirit- one person, one cup and one neighborhood at a time (McGinn et al, 2010). Starbucks Vision Statement To establish Starbucks as the premier purveyor of the finest coffee in the world while maintaining our uncompromising principles while we grow Service Delivery Requirements Every business organization must ensure that the services or products t offers to its customer are of the best quality. Businesses should have trained, experienced and qualified employee to serve their customers (Gibson et al, 2007). With this kind of manpower, the quality of the product or service will certainly be of good quality and professional (Pala et al, 2012). Also, the employee should be able to respect and serve the customers with dignity. This will certainly come from the employee skills and attitude. In the case of Starbucks, the quality of its product (coffee) and services should be beyond what the customers expect. The company closed its outlets simply because they could not manage the competition from other companies. The companies managed to extract some the techniques that Starbucks used and made them their own. This improved their coffee quality and improved their service delivery as well. However, Starbucks should have improvised other better methods to improve the ir coffee quality and service delivery but did not. Project Objectives Every business organization must have objectives and goals for a certain project or change. The objectives are basically the guidelines for the business. They give the employees a purpose for them to continue working in the business. The setting of objectives provides the entire organization with a long-term goal and purpose to work towards. Furthermore, the objective setting provides a business with new ideas on how to improve and develop its operations. When Starbucks started this kind of project, some of its objectives included: To maintain Starbucks standing as one of the most recognized and respected brands in the world To be the leading retailer and brand of coffee in each of its target markets by selling the finest quality coffee and related products and by providing each customer with a unique Starbucks Experience Critical Success Factors These refer to business aspects that increase its growth, development and success chances. This also applies to the case of every project. Every project manager has to ensure that the projects success factors are utilized effectively and efficiently. In the case of Starbucks expansion project, the following are some of the critical success factors: Strong market share position and Global brand recognition Production of high-quality products and services Strong customer base loyalty Diverse and unique product mix Great appeal for of its shops and outlets Reasonable prices of its products Organizational Change This is about reviewing, controlling and modifying the business strategic structures and operations. This refers to aspects dealing with communications, management techniques, supply chain methods, investment methods and market competition among other things. Many businesses desire to implement organizational change with the aim of improving and developing the organizational operations. Therefore, in the case of Starbuck Company, the expansion project was aimed at increasing its outlets, extending its market share, increasing profits to name a few things. This means that the company had to deal with changes in the different departments. Like: The communication department- effective and efficient communication was required especially from the new stores Finance and accounting department- funding was needed for the expansion to be possible Human resource department- involves the hiring of new employees in almost all organizational departments Management team- new managers had to be hired and even others transferred to the new store location Options Considered Before any project manager decides to start working on a project, they have to evaluate and analyze any possible solution. The business should also look for other better ways to solve the problem or a different way to inflict change in the organization. Therefore, the organizations management and the project manager should be able to choose the best scenario or option that will serve the purpose and achieve projects objective. In that case, Starbucks had already decided to expand its operations in Australia. With this as the main aim, the company had some of the following options that were weighed according to their ability to achieve the businesss objective. Option 1: To open new stores in the chosen locations Option 2: To work on improving and developing the few store that are already existing in those locations Option 3: To open new stores in both the new chosen locations as well as other locations (small cities and towns) in the country Options Evaluation Criteria The criteria that accompany should use in accessing its project options should be able to achieve the projects objective and goals. Also, they should be in a position to uphold the companys vision, mission, values and objectives. In other words, this is the criteria that Starbucks Company used as well. It was a result of an agreement between the company management team, business stakeholders and business owners. locations option Criteria Reason Sydney Opening new stores and outlets High population levels Strong customer base loyalty Great tourist attraction site High population levels Great tourist attraction site Melbourne Opening new stores and outlets High population levels Strong customer base loyalty Great tourist attraction site High population levels Strong customer base loyalty Strong customer base loyalty Great tourist attraction site Brisbane Opening new stores and outlets High population levels Strong customer base loyalty Great tourist attraction site High population levels Strong customer base loyalty Great tourist attraction site New South Wales Opening new stores and outlets High population levels High population levels Great tourist attraction site Gold Coast Opening new stores and outlets High population levels Strong customer base loyalty Great tourist attraction site High population levels Strong customer base loyalty Great tourist attraction site Options Evaluation The evaluation of Starbucks expansion project included analytical assessment of the project costs, benefits and the risks involved. The evaluation was agreed upon by the stakeholders, business owners and the management. The evaluation was decided upon three main factors which are: Choice according to the population levels Choice according to the degree of consumer base loyalty According to the tourist attraction levels of the town Recommended Option The location options that are capable of meeting the companys expansion needs is any city or town that is considered major or one with high population. Some of these cities and towns are Sydney, Melbourne, Brisbane, New South Wales and Gold Coast to name just but a few. These are preferably the main towns suitable for Starbucks expansion need. These towns are said to be some of best tourist attraction site in Australia. The companys product brands are also very popular and famous in these towns. This reason increases their possibilities of increasing the customer base, market share and segment. In addition to that, these cities will offer the company an opportunity for future growth and more expansion. Also, these towns will certainly be able to achieve the companys expansion objectives and goals. Scope Description Starbucks expansion project scope is to develop, increase and improve its product market in Australia by building and opening new stores. The new stores will be able to accommodate more customers, offer better service delivery and provide better quality drinks and food. The stores will be located in very strategic areas of the town and will be many in numbers. The project should work on methods of increasing the popularity of the companys product. Constraints and Dependencies Few constraints have been identified for the Starbucks expansion in Australia. All the individual and organizations involved in the project are advised to remain mindful of these limitations to ensure that they do not affect the project scope, budget or time schedule. Some of the constraints are: Inadequate qualified, experienced and skilled employees Project must have been completed in less than one year The project must be completed within budget, time and scope. Some of the dependencies are: Project budget and project cost Project start time and project end time Scope Management This involves the control, directing, organizing and planning all the activities and aspects needed in a project scope statement. The following steps were taken: Planned the scope management Gathered the project needs Defined the project scope Project Deliverables Came up with work breakdown structure Validated the scope Took control of the project scope Project Deliverables Several deliverables or results will come as a result of the Starbucks expansion project. For instance: Better quality Starbucks beverages and foods Better quality services Better priced products Increase in the companys profits in general Increased product market share and segment Project KPIs Some of the main KPIs for Starbucks expansion Australia project are: Produces and delivers better quality beverages and foods Offers better quality services Offers a variety of and consistent beverage brands and food types This basically gives a definition and list of what the project team members will be using in the whole process. In the case of Starbucks expansion project: The team members were to communicate to the stakeholders and business owners through the project team leaders. The project team should ensure that any activities they undertake do not affect the project's budget or scope. Therefore change management should be effective and efficient. The team members should perform their roles exactly as assigned The team should plan and be prepared for any risk that may arise Project Governance Framework It provides a project manager with a structure of procedures, decision making models and materials for managing the project with the aim of being completely successful (Too et al, 2014). It is used to control the project activities and team (people involved) and ensuring that they are consistent and comprehensive. Project Reporting Structure This helps in indicating who should report to who. In Starbucks project, the reporting structure is of the vertical form, i.e.: project director, project manager, group leader, rest of the project team members. Procurement Strategy This involves the understanding of the projects objectives, aims, purpose and constraints as well. In addition to that, the input in the strategy should be from both the business owners, stakeholders and project team (Rajeh et al, 2014). The following was the procurement strategy for Starbucks during the expansion project in Australia: The objectives were as an input result from the stakeholders, business owners and project team members. The constraints were identified, evaluated and analyzed extensively and later solutions were sort Some risks were identified as well e.g. product unpopularity and solutions sort as well Communication and Stakeholder Management Strategy Through communication all the project team members were able to share information effectively and efficiently (Zulch, 2014). Some of the communication methods that were used are: Through emails Conducting meetings frequently Training conferences Video conferencing Text messaging Voice mail messages On the other hand, the management of the stakeholder proved to be difficult in the beginning but smooth after a short while. The project managers still used some the communication methods listed above to communicate with the stakeholders and business owners. These and many other methods were very effective in end because any information needed was efficiently delivered. Time/Project Deadlines The Starbucks expansion project in Australia retreated in 2016 after it had failed back in 2002. The project was given a timeline of one year to be complete and hopefully successful. Budget/Cost Analysis and Funding Strategy According to Starbucks Coffee Company (2015), Starbucks reported accumulated loss of at least $143 million back in 2002 but now the expansion project has targeted to increase its profit to more than $143 million. This means that the cost benefit analysis had not been determined correctly. The funding strategy of the project was to depend entirely on the Global investors of the company. The fact that the companys objective was to expand internationally and the fact that the product is very well known and popular in most parts of the world, encouraged the investors to chip in. Risk Analysis and Management Strategy Some risks were identified which included: The risk of businesses laws interfering with the laws put up to guide the businesses in the location The risk of future uncertainty The risk of product unpopularity To manage the risks, the project managers conducted extensive research about the chosen locations and the populations need and desire for some of the companys products. Product Quality Management Structure The quality of the projects final product was determined by reviewing the success and growth of the other company stores that were located in similar location in other countries. The quality was to be determined by the expertise, skills and experience of the project managers. The quality would be better if the project managers, new employees and other resources that were to be were of the best quality as well. Project Completion Strategy The strategy was used to monitor and control the completion of the project was by ensuring that the store locations are suitable for the companys purpose and that the business operations are thriving day after day. Benefits Realization Plan The project managers would measure their benefits by: Analyzing the stores profits quarterly Accessing the customer loyalty increase Analyzing the companys product market share and segment References McGinn, D., Crowley, S. (2010). Vision Statement: Tired of PowerPoint? Try This Instead.Harvard Business Review, 09. Starbucks Coffee Company (2015).Company Information Starbucks Coffee CompanyStarbucks Coffee Company (2015).Mission Statement Starbucks Coffee Company Williams, L. S. (2008). The mission statement a corporate reporting tool with a past, present, and future.Journal of Business Communication,45(2), 94-119 Kirkpatrick, S. A., Wofford, J. C., Baum, J. R. (2002). Measuring motive imagery contained in the vision statement.The Leadership Quarterly,13(2), 139-150. Bartkus, B., Glassman, M., McAfee, B. (2006). Mission statement quality and financial performance.European Management Journal, 24(1), 86-94. Williams, T., Samset, K. (Eds.). (2012).Project governance: Getting investments right. Springer. Muller, R. (2011). Project governance.Strategic Direction,27(2). Too, E. G., Weaver, P. (2014). The management of project management: A conceptual framework for project governance.International Journal of Project Management,32(8), 1382-1394. Gibson Jr, G. E., Migliaccio, G. C., OConnor, J. T. (2007). Changing Project Delivery Strategy: An Implementation Framework. Migliaccio, G. C., Gibson Jr, G. E., O'Connor, J. T. (2008). Changing project delivery strategy: An implementation framework.Public Works Management Policy,12(3), 483-502. Pala, M., Edum-Fotwe, F. T., Ruikar, K., Doughty, N., Peters, C. (2012). Achieving effective project delivery through improved supplier relationship management. Zulch, B. G. (2014). Communication: The foundation of project management.Procedia Technology,16, 1000-1009. Zulch, B. (2014). Leadership communication in project management.Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences,119, 172-181. Rajeh, M. A., Tookey, J., Rotimi, J. (2014, April). Procurement selection model: development of a conceptual model based on transaction costs. InAustralasian Journal of Construction Economics and Building-Conference Series(Vol. 2, No. 2, pp. 56-63). Love, P. E., Gunasekaran, A., Li, H. (1998). Concurrent engineering: a strategy for procuring construction projects.International Journal of Project Management,16(6), 375-383. Fageha, M. K., Aibinu, A. A. (2013). Managing project scope definition to improve stakeholders participation and enhance project outcome.Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences,74, 154-164. Rajablu, M., Marthandan, G., Yusoff, W. F. W. (2014). Managing for stakeholders: the role of stakeholder-based management in project success.Asian Social Science,11(3), 111. Adler, D. (2015). Scope Change, Flexibility and the Management of Projects.Review of Integrative Business and Economics Research,4(1), 469. Gopalakrishna, P., Victor, R., Fleischmann, D. (2016). Starbucks in India.Journal of Case Studies,34(2), 92-101. Santamara Sotillo, B., Ni, S. (2008). Entry Modes of Starbucks. Glowik, M. (2017). 4.7 Case study: Starbucks.Global Strategy in the Service Industries: Dynamics, Analysis, Growth, 156.

Tibet Essays - Tulkus, Tibetan Independence Movement, Tibet

Tibet Tibet Tibet needs better leadership. The Dalai Lama does not qualify as a good leader. If this man was a good leader, then he would have had this cleared up a long time ago. The life of the Tibetans is horrible. Their homes and living style has been changed ever since the invasion. According to the ?World Encyclopedia? and ?Tibet.com? The Tibetan people and culture have been under Chinese rule since 1950. Since then, more than 1.2 million Tibetans have been killed, another 100,000 forced into exile and thousands imprisoned. Recently, the Chinese have discovered that Tibetan culture brings in tourists. That causing hundreds of monasteries to be destroyed, statues mutilated, and religious treasures more than a thousand years old have been sold next to nothing, but outside the cities sturdy nomads continue with their lives as they have for thousands of years. The changes that could be made if a new leader was brought into this beautiful country are they would be freed and live normal lives. The Dalai Lama now doesn't seem to want to be free from China. Another thing that could change is that millions upon millions could have their lives saved. A new leader should be brought into office because the way the present leader is running the country. The Dalai Lama promised many changes that would be made such as, ?Commencement of earnest negotiations on the future status of Tibet and of relations between the Tibetan and Chinese people.? notice how this hasn't happened yet. The Tibetans are suffering more by each month that passes. After these changes are made the suffering could have a chance to stop. The Dalai Lama doesn't want change because his life is great, but for the other millions in the country, it is a horrible life.

Free Essays on File Downloading

File Downloading Since the beginning of Napster in 1999, copyrighted music has been shared over the internet without purchasing and digital music known as MP3s have spread like wildfire throughout the World Wide Web. The music industry has filed hundreds of lawsuits to try and prevent the free peer-to-peer sharing that occurs on file sharing networks such as Napster and the most popular file sharing network today, Kazaa. The lawsuits have stopped many people from sharing music files but, the record industry is still losing millions of dollars each year making it harder for new artists to begin their careers because of the lack of profit they need to fund their recordings. The music industry has been collecting data from file sharing networks; which, result in internet customers having internet privacy rights violated. The music industry hacking onto file sharing networks and recording the amount of files one shares on the internet is a direct violation of internet privacy laws and no one should be allowed access to another’s personal information without permission. So far, file sharing has been proven legal over and over; as a result the music industry has had no choice but, to sue those who share massive quantities of files and hope to settle the issue out of court. To put an end to this mess, the internet laws must be better enforced and peer-2-peer networking must be limited to those who are paying to download MP3s. Therefore, the music industry and the artists will receive a percentage for their work and copyright violation will cease to exist when dealing with file sharing over the internet, which; sequentially will eliminate internet privacy infringement as well. Napster exploded over the internet and just about everyone worldwide with a computer and an internet connection was allowed to download free MP3s, a Moving Picture Experts Group Layer-3 Audio (audio file format/extension), with the click of a mouse. Napster, ... Free Essays on File Downloading Free Essays on File Downloading File Downloading Since the beginning of Napster in 1999, copyrighted music has been shared over the internet without purchasing and digital music known as MP3s have spread like wildfire throughout the World Wide Web. The music industry has filed hundreds of lawsuits to try and prevent the free peer-to-peer sharing that occurs on file sharing networks such as Napster and the most popular file sharing network today, Kazaa. The lawsuits have stopped many people from sharing music files but, the record industry is still losing millions of dollars each year making it harder for new artists to begin their careers because of the lack of profit they need to fund their recordings. The music industry has been collecting data from file sharing networks; which, result in internet customers having internet privacy rights violated. The music industry hacking onto file sharing networks and recording the amount of files one shares on the internet is a direct violation of internet privacy laws and no one should be allowed access to another’s personal information without permission. So far, file sharing has been proven legal over and over; as a result the music industry has had no choice but, to sue those who share massive quantities of files and hope to settle the issue out of court. To put an end to this mess, the internet laws must be better enforced and peer-2-peer networking must be limited to those who are paying to download MP3s. Therefore, the music industry and the artists will receive a percentage for their work and copyright violation will cease to exist when dealing with file sharing over the internet, which; sequentially will eliminate internet privacy infringement as well. Napster exploded over the internet and just about everyone worldwide with a computer and an internet connection was allowed to download free MP3s, a Moving Picture Experts Group Layer-3 Audio (audio file format/extension), with the click of a mouse. Napster, ...

Modern World Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Modern World - Essay Example None of the personalities under discussion vowed to any religious disciplines, and even if they are now thought to belong to orders like Catholicism, as is the case with Mother Teresa and Simone Weil (The Baptism 1), what should be noted is that they never advocated or preached any religious ideologies, but remained strictly outside of the religious circle and concentrated merely on the humanitarian, spiritual, and cultural endeavors. This is the most compelling element of their secularity, and renders arguments such as whether or not Simone Weil was baptized (The Baptism 2) as irrelevant to the case. The humanitarian aspect of Weil’s ideology, and her political work for the trade unions (Bergery); the founding of the Missionaries of Charity in Calcutta by Mother Teresa (Mother Teresa); and the activist efforts of Martin Luther King against the mistreatment of black sanitation workers in Memphis (Dowd), all are ample proofs of the saintly endeavors of these humanitarians, and establishes them beyond doubt as secular saints. The concept of justice in the Greek philosophy, as perceived by Plato but opposed by Socrates is that those in power decide what is just according to what favors them (Hooker).

Critique English Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Critique English - Essay Example In the extreme, the males are more inclined to take their own lives five times more during their teenage years to their early twenties compared to the females. Speaking of living a privileged life, their lives does not seem to be privileged considering that the males are more likely to be abused physically by their parents, drops out of school and face unemployment. In their adult life, males are also more likely to be homeless, and to become dependent to alcohol and drugs. The females may be complaining about assault and violence but males are in fact twice as much more susceptible to it than females. When they work, their chance to get killed due to work related accident is nine times more than the female and they die six years earlier on the average. Worst, nobody seems to care. Their issues are often their own while the female can go blame society for their failures. For the female part, we already heard their predicament all too well yet their plights were as true as they were f irst raised eons ago. Yes, gender discrimination still exists and sexism is still prevalent despite the campaign against it. Stevie Cameron best demonstrated it by using our daughter as the character that would best personify our anxieties and hopes about the females. There, it was illustrated how unfair and discriminating the male dominated society is. Beginning at school where girls’ facilities are not given that much importance compared to boys such as the relegation of gymnastics to football. When they grew up, their moves are restricted both literally and figuratively. They cannot just walk to places wherever they want and during their adult life, their movements in their respective careers are also restricted by the glass ceiling. They are also subjected to sexist snide aspersions not only with remarks but also on downplaying issues that matter to them. These issues and concerns, I believe are more important than the predicament of the males. It is because the femalesâ €™ issues are rooted in discrimination which society relegates them as secondary citizen just because of their gender. This discrimination is a very serious issue and has overarching consequences to every aspect of their lives not just the simple â€Å"they are girls and we are boys’ issues†. This discrimination pervades in every sphere of our society that women has to contend just because of their female gender. Compared to the males where the issue they have to contend are the stress brought upon by the competitive patriarchal society and being such, are more tolerable than discrimination because competiveness is self-imposed. Their fall out, such as their higher probability in facing economic dislocation (unemployment, homelessness, etch) as well as the stereotyping of their intelligence are a result of their laxity towards education that dumb down their intellectual acumen. Whereas with the females, they are being restricted no matter how hard they try just bec ause of their gender. Worst, they inadvertently became victim of assault, sexual or otherwise, where a troubled man in Montreal took it to the extreme when he separated the women from the men and slaughtered them because he believed that women are the cause of his troubles. Men do not get these issues out of their gender. Many men have been victimized by assault also but it is not related to gender. For example, their increased probability to be attacked is a consequence of their reckless mobility. If you walk alone in unlit park or alley in a very

Authority-responsibility relationships

Authority-responsibility relationships Modern organizations are constantly trying to incorporate a humanistic approach in order to keep their employees happy. Organizational behavior is greatly affected by changes that occur inside the company. One that is seen as most important is that of the changes in organizational structures. The old way of doing things with bureaucratic models have given way to modern models using project and matrix designs. Every organization has objectives and goals that it strives to achieve. In order to do so, the people in the organization must work together. The activities of each of these individuals are broken down by authority-responsibility relationships. These relationships are often formed on the basis of the job hierarchy (Organizational behavior and basics, n.d.). An organization is a group of individuals that are broken down into different levels of authority and segments based on specialty for the intention of achieving the goals and objectives that have been set by the organization. When objectives are established for these groups a process is used to identifying and group the work that is to be performed. Responsibility and authority roles are also defined and delegated while relationships are established for the purpose of enabling the people to work most effectively together (Organizational behavior and basics, n.d.). Administration of an effective organization determines the goals that the company as a whole strives towards. Organizations often evolve out of a need clear, well defined system or structure, that allows people to execute their work responsibilities. This structure helps employees to relate to each other, organize their activities, and achieve the goals or objectives that have been set by the organization. It helps to minimize confusion, maintain an ideal environment and maximizes effectiveness (Organizational behavior and basics, n.d.). Hewlett-Packard is an example of a company that uses modern organizational behavior in order to emphasize productivity and good employee relations. In 2000, Hewlett-Packard was one of five winners of the Ron Brown Award for Corporate Leadership. This company was founded in 1939 by Bill Hewlett and David Packard. Early on this company has a good philosophy that encouraged good employee relations. David Packard fashioned the concept of management by walking around as a means to achieve a high involvement and open work culture. HP has been both a leader in technology and in human resource management practices. As a leader in technology HP designed and produced the first handheld scientific calculator. As a management innovator HP introduced the radical notion of flexible work hours and removed time clocks as a way to show respect for and trust in its employees (Organizational Behavior in Changing Times, n.d.). HP is a $41-billion-a-year business that consists of seven major product lines and three service lines. HP products include computer desktops and workstations, mobile products, printing and digital imaging products, storage products, servers, networking products, and software. The services lines include e-services, personal services, and business services. HP has approximately 88,500 employees and was one of the first companies to formalize telecommuting policies for its employees. The company has more than 540 sales and support offices and distributorships in 120 countries worldwide (Organizational Behavior in Changing Times, n.d.). The Santa Rosa Systems Division of Hewlett Packard (SRSD) was created in 1992 in order to target a new systems integration opportunity in the ever growing communication business sector. In 1994 SRSD faced many challenges that threatened its success as well as that of its leadership team. Those in the organization saw the following things as major issues: There were two competing strategies that were threatening to divide the organization There were problems between two functions that were competing for common engineering resources. This problem was caused by a functional structure that had very poorly designed cross-functional business teams The cross-functional teams that were not effectively led or managed and did not produce any needed coordination There was a top team that was not effective. There was a general manager who was not confronting and resolving key strategic and organizational issues. There was low trust throughout the organization that prevented organizational problems from being discussed and managed. There was underperformance in the rate of growth and profitability as well as low morale and turnover of key technical people (Beer, 2002). In order to help address these issues HP used a technique know as Organizational Fitness Profiling (OFP). This process enabled the leadership team to bring these problems to the surface and make changes that allowed the business unit to capitalize on many market opportunities. The leadership team and many of the key managers in theSanta Rosadivision had grown up in Hewlett Packards traditional business environment. Fitness Profiling enabled the leadership team to have an honest organizational conversation about the behaviors that were silent killers and diagnose the root causes (Beer, 2002). HP is a technology company that operates in more than 170 countries worldwide. They explore how technology and services can help people and companies address their problems and challenges while pursing their own possibilities, aspirations and dreams. They apply new thinking and ideas to create more simple, valuable and trusted experiences with technology. They are continuously improving the way that their customers live and work (Hewlett-Packard, 2009). Not many other companies offer as complete a technology product portfolio as HP does. They provide infrastructure and business offerings that range from handheld devices to some of the world’s most powerful supercomputers. They offer consumers a wide range of products and services from digital photography to digital entertainment and from computing to home printing. This comprehensive portfolio helps them match the right products, services and solutions to their customers’ specific needs (Hewlett-Packard, 2009). Hewlett Packards motto for their employees consists of Stretch. Strive. Succeed. This is a standard that they demand not only from themselves but from their employees as well. When a person goes to work at HP, they are given every opportunity to stretch their talents, strive for new solutions and succeed beyond what they thought was possible. And when the employee does this they are recognized and rewarded as they grow with the company (Hewlett-Packard, 2009). This approach is what has made HP the worlds leading information Technology Company and keeps them moving in new and interesting directions. This is how they have been able to provide ideas that help people around the world connect, create and accomplish amazing things. Its why their people are experts in so many areas including marketing, finance, HR, sales, IT infrastructure, personal computing and access devices, business technology solutions, global services, and imaging and printing for consumers, enterprises, and small and medium businesses. They believe that when you bring great minds together in over 170 countries, each person has a hand in driving the innovations that make the world a better place (Hewlett-Packard, 2009). The Sociotechnical system (STS) redesign process that was used by HP in order to chronicle the process as it actually occurs includes documenting how changes in managers’ and employees’ beliefs and behaviors as they are produced. STS redesign is not a new management trend but was first detailed by Eric Trist and his associates of the Tavistock Institute in 1963. Central to STS redesign are two principles. The first is that work is comprised of both social and technical components, while the second is that organizations are open systems. The second concept is composed of two important concepts. Organizations are open meaning that they are constantly interacting and negotiating with their environment. Just as significant is the character of their system. Real change occurs only with attention to all aspects of the organization. In order to implement STS redesign, top management must sponsor and demonstrate commitment to the change and the redesign team must be composed of employees from all levels of the organization. This is a change process designed by the workers whose work is being redesigned. Guiding principles include employee involvement, the reallocation of power and authority down the hierarchical ladder, open communications, and system wide transformation. Structurally, the result is an organization composed of self-managing teams (Besser, 1999).  

Abstinence is the Only Effective Method Essay -- Birth Control Pregnan

Abstinence is the Only Thing that can Work   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Sex outside marriage is at best, wrong; at worst deadly. Today's children are basing their decisions about sex on moral and social values. The accepted moral code is pretty black and white - don't. Our society, however, has always been able to bend the rules to suit the current trend. Right now that trend is, "young people shouldn't have sex outside of marriage, but if they do, they should do it safely." Herein lies the problem: Because most adults grew up in the "sexual freedom" era of the 1960's they don't feel that they should have to give up that freedom. Therefore they would be hypocrites if they taught abstinence as the only effective way to stay safe. This attitude is reflected in the current sex education courses.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The falacy of having 'safe sex' outside of marriage is just that: a fallacy. There is no such thing as 'safe sex.' Children have to realize the risk they are taking by engaging in sexual activity. They aren't just sleeping with one person, but with everyone that person has slept with. There is more at stake then pregnancy and AIDS, such as 100 other sexually transmitted diseases. Children feel that they are immune to the big issues and aren?t even being told about the diseases that can cause perminant damage.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Teaching abstinance in schools is telling the children that the only 100% way to keep from getting pregnant and contracting sexual diseases is by not having sex, which is true. Why are e...

Assignments Maritime Law

Question AAdvise The Theatre of Wine on any claim that they might have, and what level of limitation will apply to that claim that the might have. People to note are; The Buyer/claimant: (The Theatre of Wine), in Greenwich London, UK Shipowner/defendant: (Carry Carefully), South AfricaCopy of the bill of lading My first advice is to ask The Theatre of Wine is that they need to know key important factors; The claimant need to prove when the defendant’s period of responsibility for the goods begin, and what was the condition of the goods at the time. In establishing the condition and the quantity of the goods at the start of the defendant’s period of responsibility, the claimant will be able to rely on the common law and statutory rules that governs the effect of the statements in shipping documents, such as bill of lading.As to this case there are no information about the about the period when the wine were transported, date when the contract has taken place and delivery terms, no information about how the cargo was stowed and also no information from the claimant about how the documents would be issued such as the mate receipt, final and initial draft survey report of the vessel before loading the cargo and bill of lading.Also, under every contract of carriage of goods by sea the carrier, in relation to loading, handling, stowage, carriage, custody, care and discharge of the goods shall be subject to the responsibilities and liabilities and entitle to the rights and immunities, also whether the cargo was in good condition or not, the quantity or units of the consignment was not declared by the claimant before the cargo was loaded and have not been described on the bill of lading. In that case the carrier or the ship should not become liable for any loss or damage in connection with the consignment if the amount exceeding the equivalent of 10,000 francs per package or unit 30 francs per kilo of gross weight of the goods lost or damaged, whichever i s the higher.CARRIAGE OF GOODS BY SEA ACT 1 OF 1986To amend the law with respect to the carriage of goods by sea and to provide  for matters connected therewith.Application of Hague Rules.—(1) Those Rules contained in the International Convention for the Unification of Certain Rules of Law Relating to Bills of Lading signed at Brussels on 25 August 1924, as amended by the Protocol signed at Brussels on 23 February 1968, which are set out in the Schedule (hereinafter referred to as the Rules) shall, subject to the provisions of this Act, have the force of law and apply in respect of the Republic in relation to and in connection with:(a) the carriage of goods by sea in ships where the port of shipment is a port in the Republic, whether or not the carriage is between ports in two different States within the meaning of Article X of the Rules; As in the current case between The Theatre of Wine the claimant and the shipowner Carry Carefully from South Africa to Greenwich London U K.(b) any bill of lading if the contract contained in or evidenced by it expressly provides that the Rules shall govern the contract; In this case the bill of lading has no detail as to weigh and description of the consignment that were shipped.(c)any receipt which is a non-negotiable document marked as such if the contract contained in it or evidenced by it or pursuant to which it is issued is a contract for the carriage of goods by sea which expressly provides that the Rules are to govern the contract as if the receipt were a bill of lading, but subject to any necessary modifications and in particular with the omission in Article III of the Rules of the second sentence of paragraph 4 and paragraph 7;Seaworthiness not to be implied. There shall not be implied in any contract for the carriage of goods by sea to which the Rules apply by virtue of this Act, any absolute undertaking by the carrier of the goods to provide a seaworthy ship.Jurisdiction of courts. (1) Notwithstanding any purported ouster of  jurisdiction, exclusive jurisdiction clause or agreement to refer any dispute to arbitration, and notwithstanding the provisions of the Arbitration Act, 1965 (Act No. 42 of 1965), and of section 7 (1) (b) of the Admiralty Jurisdiction Regulation Act, 1983 (Act No. 105 of 1983), any person carrying on business in the Republic and the consignee under, or holder of, any bill of lading, waybill or like document for the carriage of goods to a destination in the Republic or to any port in the Republic, whether for final discharge or for discharge or for discharge for further carriage, may bring any action relating to the carriage of the said goods or any such bill of lading, waybill or document in a competent court in the Republic.Subject to the provisions of Article VI, under every contract of carriage of goods by sea the carrier, in relation to the loading, handling, stowage, carriage, custody, care and discharge of such goods, shall be subject to the responsibili ties and liabilities and entitled to the rights and immunities hereinafter set forth.The Carrier shall be bound before and at the beginning of the voyage to exercise due diligence to:(a) make the ship seaworthy;(b) properly man, equip and supply the ship; and(c) make the holds, refrigerating and cool chambers, and all other parts of the ship in which goods are carried, fit and safe for their reception, carriage and preservation.Subject to the provisions of Article IV, the carrier shall properly and carefully load, handle, stow, carry, keep, care for and discharge the goods carried.After receiving the goods into his charge the carrier or the master or agent of the carrier shall, on demand of the shipper, issue to the shipper a bill of lading showing among other things. (a) The leading marks necessary for identification of the goods as the same are furnished in writing by the shipper before the loading of such goods starts, provided such marks are stamped or otherwise shown clearly up on the goods if uncovered, or on the cases or coverings in which such goods are contained, in such a manner as should ordinarily remain legible until the end of the voyage.(b) Either the number of packages or pieces, or the quantity, or weight, as the case may be, as furnished in writing by the shipper.(c) The apparent order and condition of the goods: The shipper shall be deemed to have guaranteed to the carrier the accuracy at the time of shipment of the marks, number, quantity and weight, as furnished by him, and the shipper shall indemnify the carrier against all loss, damages and expenses arising or resulting from inaccuracies in such particulars. The right of the carrier to such indemnity shall in no way limit his responsibility and liability under the contract of carriage to any person other than the shipper.Unless notice of loss or damage and the general nature of such loss or damage be given in writing to the carrier or his agent at the port of discharge before or at the ti me of the removal of the goods into the custody of the person entitled to delivery thereof under the contract of carriage, or, if the loss or damage be not apparent, within three days, such removal shall be prima facie evidence of the delivery by the carrier of the goods as described in the bill of lading. The notice in writing need not be given if the state of the goods has, at the time of their receipt, been the subject of joint survey or inspection. (which is not the case)After the goods are loaded the bill of lading to be issued by the carrier, master, or agent of the carrier, to the shipper shall, if the shipper so demands, be a â€Å"shipped† bill of lading, provided that if the shipper shall have previously taken up any document of title to such goods, he shall surrender the same as against the issue of the â€Å"shipped† bill of lading, but at the option of the carrier such document of title may be noted at the port of shipment by the carrier, master or agent w ith the name or names of the ship or ships upon which the goods have been shipped and the date or dates of shipment, and when so noted, if it shows the particulars  mentioned in paragraph 3 of Article III, shall for the purpose of this article be deemed to constitute a â€Å"shipped† bill of lading. (which is not the case)Any clause, covenant, or agreement in a contract of carriage relieving the carrier or the ship from liability for loss or damage to, or in connection with, goods arising from negligence, fault, or failure in the duties and obligations provided in this article or lessening such liability otherwise than as provided in these Rules, shall be null and void and of no effect. A benefit of insurance in favour of the carrier or similar clause shall be deemed to be a clause relieving the carrier from liability. (which is not he case)Neither the carrier nor the ship shall be liable for loss or damage arising or resulting from unseaworthiness unless caused by want of due diligence on the part of the carrier to make the ship seaworthy, and to secure that the ship is properly manned, equipped and supplied, and to make the holds, refrigerating and cool chambers and all other parts of the ship in which goods are carried fit and safe for their reception, carriage and preservation in accordance with the provisions of paragraph 1 of Article III. Whenever loss or damage has resulted from unseaworthiness the burden of proving the exercise of due diligence shall be on the carrier or other person claiming exemption under this article.Neither the carrier nor the ship shall be responsible for loss or damage arising or resulting from:(a) act, neglect, or default of the master, mariner, pilot, or the servants of the carrier in the navigation or in the management of the ship;(b) fire, unless caused by the actual fault or privity of the carrier;(c) perils, dangers and accidents of the sea or other navigable waters;(d) act of God;(e) act of war;(f) act of public enemies;(g) arrest or restraint of princes, rulers or people, or seizure under legal process;(h) quarantine restrictions;(i) act or omission of the shipper or owner of the goods, his agent or representative;(j) strikes or lockouts or stoppage or restraint of labour from whatever cause, whether partial or general;(k) riots and civil commotions;(l) saving or attempting to save life or property at sea;(m) wastage in bulk or weight or any other loss or damage arising from inherent defect, quality or vice of the goods;(n) insufficiency or inadequacy of marks;(o) insufficiency of packing;(p) latent defects not discoverable by due diligence; and(q) any other cause arising without the actual fault or privity of the carrier, or without the fault or neglect of the agents or servants of the carrier, but the burden of proof shall be on the person claiming the benefit of this exception to show that neither the actual fault or privity of the carrier nor the fault or neglect of the agents or serva nts of the carrier contributed to the loss or damage.The shipper shall not be responsible for loss or damage sustained by the carrier or the ship arising or resulting from any cause without the act, fault or neglect of the shipper, his agents or his servants.(a) Unless the nature and value of such goods have been declared by the shipper before shipment and inserted in the bill of lading, neither the carrier nor the ship shall in any event be or become liable for any loss or damage to or in connection with the goods in an amount exceeding the equivalent of 10 000 francs per package or unit or 30 francs per kilo of gross weight of the goods lost or damaged, whichever is the higher.(b) The total amount recoverable shall be calculated by reference to the value of such goods at the place and time at which the goods are discharged from the ship in accordance with the contract or should have been so discharged. The value of the goods shall be fixed according to the commodity exchange price , or, if there is no such price, according to the current market price, or, if there be no commodity exchange price or current market price, by reference to the normal value of goods of the same kind and quality.(c) Where a container, pallet or similar article of transport is used to consolidate goods, the number of packages or units enumerated in the bill of lading as packed in such article of transport shall be deemed the number of packages or units for the purpose of this paragraph as far as these packages or units are concerned. Except as aforesaid such article of transport shall be considered the package or unit.Based on all above documents, clause and articles from Visby Amendments (the Bruxells Protocol) and CARRIAGE OF GOODS BY SEA ACT NO. 1 OF 1986, I can strongly say the buyer â€Å"The Theatre of Wine† company has no chance to claim on the shipowner Carry Carefully, South Africa for damage the cargo.B. To What extent would you have advised parties to this type of c arriage contract to include an arbitration clause into their contract? Buyer: The Theatre of Wine, in Greenwich, London, United Kingdom Shipowners/Shippers: Carry Carefully, South Africa we can introduce the following arbitration clause: â€Å"All disputes arising in connection with the present contract to be  settled under the rules of Visby Amendments (the Bruxells Protocol), CARRIAGE OF GOODS BY SEA ACT NO. 1 OF 1986 of South Africa and London Maritime Arbitrators Association by three arbitrators appointed in accordance with the rules. Arbitration shall be held in London. General Average. General Average shall be adjusted, stated and settled in London, according to the York Antwerp Rules 1974, as amended 1994 and subsequent amendments.†For sure the party exposed is „The Theatre of Wine† from Greenwich, London, United Kingdom due to lack of covery of risk in his transportation contract